Role of forest in maintaining environmental balance

Balance of nature: Forests play a very important role in maintaining the environment balance and controlling Pollution.

              Environmental Balance in nature

1.Balance of gases:-
Forests maintain the natural balance of carbon dioxide and oxygen by using up carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen. They can help check the rise in the proportion of carbon dioxide in the air due to human activities like burning fuels.

2.Reducing pollution:-
Forests absorb thousands of tonnes of dust and other pollutants. They also absorb noise and protect us from noise pollution. They act as barriers against the wind too. 

3.Protecting soil:-
The roots of trees bind the soil and save them from being washed away by water or blown away by the wind. The leaves of trees protect the soil beneath from the direct impact of rain pouring over them. And when they fall, their decomposition makes the soil more fertile.

4.Floods and droughts:-
When mountains lose their forest cover, rainwater rushes down very fast. This makes the rivers in the plains fill up suddenly. Unable to hold so much water, they overflow, causing floods. Forests slow down the flow the water, which helps control floods as well as droughts. The slow release of water stops rivers downstream from overflowing. And since water is held by the forests, it gets a chance to seep into the soil and recharge groundwater. This prevents water scarcity after the monsoon.

5.Rain and Temperature:-
The water vapour released by trees during transpiration helps to increase rainfall. Cutting down forests makes a significant difference to the rainfall in an area. The evaporation of water from the leaves also causes cooling.

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